China’s rapid expansion of its nuclear arsenal signals a dangerous new era, with experts warning of potential “nuclear blackmail” aimed at deterring international challenges to its territorial claims. The recent display of advanced nuclear-capable missiles during a military parade underscores Beijing’s intent to project power globally.
Showcasing a modern nuclear triad, China presented the JL-1, JL-3, and DF-61 missiles. This development significantly enhances its capacity for nuclear strikes from air, land, and sea, a capability not seen on this scale since the Cold War. Previously lacking a robust airborne nuclear strike option, this gap has now been filled, escalating regional and global security concerns.
Experts suggest these nuclear capabilities are not solely for deterrence but are designed to facilitate conventional military operations, particularly concerning Taiwan. China views Taiwan as a breakaway province and has not ruled out force for reunification. The threat lies in Beijing potentially using tactical nuclear weapons to intimidate U.S. forces or allies contemplating intervention, thereby deterring escalation.
This strategy mirrors what some believe Russia employed during the Ukraine conflict, where nuclear threats arguably prevented direct NATO military involvement. Analysts warn that China may adopt similar tactics, leveraging its nuclear arsenal to deter major powers from intervening in regional disputes, including those in the Taiwan Strait.
The implications extend beyond regional security. If China successfully annexes Taiwan under the shadow of nuclear threats, it could establish a dangerous precedent for other nuclear-armed states. For nations like India, this necessitates heightened vigilance as China’s enhanced nuclear posture provides leverage for exerting influence without fear of external opposition.